<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.2 20190208//EN" "http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.2/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2408-9346</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Research result. Business and Service Technologies</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9346</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18413/2408-9346-2021-7-4-0-3</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2603</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>The development of the tourist industry</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>&lt;strong&gt;Mixed reality technologies in tourism&lt;/strong&gt;</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>&lt;strong&gt;Mixed reality technologies in tourism&lt;/strong&gt;</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Malapani</surname><given-names>Athina</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malapani</surname><given-names>Athina</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>athina.malapani10@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1" /></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Sarafanova</surname><given-names>Anastasiya G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sarafanova</surname><given-names>Anastasiya G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Sarafanov</surname><given-names>Alexander A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sarafanov</surname><given-names>Alexander A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><institution>National &amp; Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece</institution></aff><pub-date pub-type="epub"><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>0</fpage><lpage>0</lpage><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="/media/business/2021/4/Бизнес_и_сервис-20-34.pdf" /><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Recently, immersive technologies, including augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), have gained wide acceptance in the tourism sector. The deterioration of the state of attractions, the manifestation of the effects of overtourism, the spread of coronavirus infection are important problems world tourism is facing. The closure of tourist sites and cultural and historical sites is becoming more common due to these problems. The aim of this study is to explore the perceived value of virtual reality for the tourism industry. To achieve this goal, the document introduces the role of digital technologies such as VR, AR and mixed reality (MR). The article reveals the potential of virtual reality as a means of implementing tourist services with their partial replacement, the possibility of using wearable devices as effective marketing tools. The study analyzed statistical data on sales of virtual reality glasses, the volume of the global MR market, the number of users and leading VR users. The authors provide examples of virtual reality applications for tourist destinations. The state of the VR industry was studied separately in connection with the spread of COVID-19. Virtual reality experiences increase the desire and likelihood of travel, and augmented reality apps are used to create virtual experiences.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Recently, immersive technologies, including augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), have gained wide acceptance in the tourism sector. The deterioration of the state of attractions, the manifestation of the effects of overtourism, the spread of coronavirus infection are important problems world tourism is facing. The closure of tourist sites and cultural and historical sites is becoming more common due to these problems. The aim of this study is to explore the perceived value of virtual reality for the tourism industry. To achieve this goal, the document introduces the role of digital technologies such as VR, AR and mixed reality (MR). The article reveals the potential of virtual reality as a means of implementing tourist services with their partial replacement, the possibility of using wearable devices as effective marketing tools. The study analyzed statistical data on sales of virtual reality glasses, the volume of the global MR market, the number of users and leading VR users. The authors provide examples of virtual reality applications for tourist destinations. The state of the VR industry was studied separately in connection with the spread of COVID-19. Virtual reality experiences increase the desire and likelihood of travel, and augmented reality apps are used to create virtual experiences.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>virtual reality</kwd><kwd>augmented reality</kwd><kwd>marketing</kwd><kwd>digital technologies</kwd><kwd>tourism</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>360-degree videos</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>virtual reality</kwd><kwd>augmented reality</kwd><kwd>marketing</kwd><kwd>digital technologies</kwd><kwd>tourism</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>360-degree videos</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>Список литературы</title><ref id="B1"><mixed-citation>Afzal, S., Chen, J. and Ramakrishnan, K.K. (2017), &amp;ldquo;Characterization of 360-degree videos&amp;rdquo;, VR/AR Network &amp;laquo;17 Proceedings of the Workshop on Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Network&amp;raquo;, Los Angeles, USA, pp. 1&amp;ndash;6.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><mixed-citation>Anthes, C., Garc&amp;iacute;a-Hern&amp;aacute;ndez, R.J., Wiedemann, M.and Kranzlm&amp;uuml;ller, D. (2016), &amp;ldquo;State of the art of virtual reality technology&amp;rdquo;, IEEE Aerospace Conference, pp. 1&amp;ndash;19, doi: 10.1109/aero.2016.7500674.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><mixed-citation>Bazoliy, A.A.and Ushakov, D.S. (2018), &amp;ldquo;Promising directions of development of the sphere of tourist and recreational services in modern conditions&amp;rdquo;, Molodoy uchenyy, 39(225), pp. 60-63.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><mixed-citation>Bec, A., Moyle, B., Schaffer, V. and Timms, K. (2021), &amp;ldquo;Virtual reality and mixed reality for second chance tourism&amp;rdquo;, Tourism Management, 83, doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104256.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><mixed-citation>Cheong, R. (1995), &amp;ldquo;The virtual threat to travel and tourism&amp;rdquo;, Tourism Management, 16(6), pp. 417&amp;ndash;422, doi: 10.1016/0261-5177(95)00049-T.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><mixed-citation>Dholakia, U.M. (2006), &amp;ldquo;How customer self-determination influences relational marketing outcomes: evidence from longitudinal field studies&amp;rdquo;, Journal of Marketing Research, 43 (1), pp.109&amp;ndash;120, doi:10.1509/jmkr.43.1.109.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><mixed-citation>Fibbi, S., Spano, L.D., Sorrentino, F. and Scateni, R. (2015), &amp;ldquo;WoBo: Multisensorial travels through Oculus Rift&amp;rdquo;, Proceedings of 33rd Annual ACM Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Seoul, pp. 299-302.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><mixed-citation>Flavi&amp;aacute;n, C., Ib&amp;aacute;&amp;ntilde;ez-S&amp;aacute;nchez, S. and Or&amp;uacute;s, C. (2019), &amp;ldquo;The impact of virtual, augmented and mixed reality technologies on the customer experience&amp;rdquo;, Journal of Business Research, 100, pp. 547&amp;ndash;560, doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.10.050.&amp;nbsp;</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><mixed-citation>Guttentag, D.A. (2010), &amp;ldquo;Virtual reality: Applications and implications for tourism&amp;rdquo;, Tourism Management, 31(5), pp. 637&amp;ndash;651, doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2009.07.003.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><mixed-citation>Hassan, A., Ekiz, E.and Dadwal, S. (2018), &amp;ldquo;Augmented realty adoption by tourism product and service consumers: some emplerical findings&amp;rdquo;, book Augmented reality and virtual reality: Empowering human, place and business,</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><mixed-citation>pp. 47&amp;ndash;64.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><mixed-citation>Hassan, A.and Rahimi, R. (2016), &amp;ldquo;Consuming &amp;laquo;innovation&amp;raquo; in tourism: Augmented reality as an innovation tool in digital tourism marketing&amp;rdquo;, book Global dynamics in travel, tourism and hospitality, pp.130&amp;ndash;147.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><mixed-citation>Hollebeek, L., Clark, M., Andreassen, T., Sigurdsson, V. and Smith, D. (2020), &amp;ldquo;Virtual reality through the customer journey: Framework and propositions&amp;rdquo;, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 55, doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102056.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><mixed-citation>Hwang, J., Park, S. and Woo, M. (2018), &amp;ldquo;Understanding user experiences of online travel review websites for hotel booking behaviors: an investigation of a dual motivation theory&amp;rdquo;, Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 23 (4),</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><mixed-citation>pp. 359&amp;ndash;372, doi:10.1080/10941665.2018.1444648.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><mixed-citation>Kang, H. (2020), &amp;ldquo;Impact of VR on impulsive desire for a destination&amp;rdquo;, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 42, pp. 244&amp;ndash;255, doi: 10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.02.003.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><mixed-citation>Kang, Y. and Yang, K.C. (2020), &amp;ldquo;Employing digital reality technologies in art exhibitions and museums: A global survey of best practices and implications&amp;rdquo;, book Virtual and augmented reality in education, art, and museums,</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><mixed-citation>pp. 139&amp;ndash;161.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><mixed-citation>Kim, M.J., Chung, N., Lee, C.K. and Preis, M.W. (2015), &amp;ldquo;Motivations and use context in mobile tourism shopping: applying contingency and task&amp;ndash;technology fit theories&amp;rdquo;, International Journal of. Tourism Research, 17(1), pp. 13&amp;ndash;24, doi:10.1002/jtr.1957.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><mixed-citation>Kosti, K.B. (2016), &amp;ldquo;Foresight of the development of augmented reality technologies in international tourism&amp;rdquo;, Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo ekonomicheskogo universiteta.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><mixed-citation>Li, T. and Chen, Y. (2019), &amp;ldquo;Will virtual reality be a double-edged sword? Exploring the moderation effects of the expected enjoyment of a destination on travel intention&amp;rdquo;, Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 12, pp. 15&amp;ndash;26, doi: 10.1016/j.jdmm.2019.02.003.&amp;nbsp;</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><mixed-citation>Liu, Y., Li, H. and Hu, F. (2013), &amp;ldquo;Website attributes in urging online impulse purchase: An empirical investigation on consumer perceptions&amp;rdquo;, Decision Support Systems, 55 (3), pp. 829&amp;ndash;837, doi:10.1016/j.dss.2013.04.001.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><mixed-citation>Marasco, A., Buonincontria, P., Niekerkb, M., Orlowskib, M. and Okumusb, F. (2018), &amp;ldquo;Exploring the role of next-generation virtual technologies in destination marketing&amp;rdquo;, Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 9, pp. 138&amp;ndash;148, doi: 10.1016/j.jdmm.2017.12.002.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><mixed-citation>Mills, S. and Noyes, J. (1999), &amp;ldquo;Virtual reality: An overview of user-related design issues revised paper for special issue on &amp;laquo;virtual reality: User issues&amp;raquo; in interacting with computers&amp;rdquo;, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><mixed-citation>Sarafanova, A.G.and Sarafanov, A.A. (2021), &amp;ldquo;Tourism industry and the COVID-19 pandemic: impact and consequences&amp;rdquo;, Vestnik Samarskogo gosudarstvennogo ekonomicheskogo universiteta, 7, pp. 49&amp;ndash;60, doi: 10.46554/1993-0453-2021-7-201-49-60.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><mixed-citation>Sigala, M. (2020), &amp;ldquo;Tourism and COVID-19: Impacts and implications for advancing and resetting industry and research&amp;rdquo;, Journal of Business Research, 117, pp. 312&amp;ndash;321, doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.015.&amp;nbsp;</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><mixed-citation>Spielmann, N. and Mantonakis, A. (2018), &amp;ldquo;In virtuo: How user-driven interactivity in virtual tours leads to attitude change&amp;rdquo;, Journal of Business Research, 88, pp. 255&amp;ndash;264, doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.03.037.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><mixed-citation>Tussyadiah, I.P., Wang, D., Jung, T.H. and Dieck, M.C. (2018), &amp;ldquo;Virtual reality, presence and attitude change: Empirical evidence from tourism&amp;rdquo;, Tourism Management, 66, pp. 140&amp;ndash;154, doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2017.12.003.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><mixed-citation>Vishnevskaya, E.V. and Klimova, T.B. (2017), &amp;ldquo;Development of the tourism industry and hotel business&amp;rdquo;, Nauchnyy rezul&amp;#39;tat. Tekhnologii biznesa i servisa, 3, 1, pp. 22&amp;ndash;33, doi: 10.18413/2408-9346-2017-3-1-22-33.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><mixed-citation>Wang, G., Gu, W. and Suh, A. (2018), &amp;ldquo;The effects of 360-degree VR videos on audience engagement: evidence from the New York Times&amp;rdquo;, International Conference on HCI in Business, Government, and Organizations, Springer, Cham, pp. 217&amp;ndash;235.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><mixed-citation>Xu, F., Buhalis, D. and Weber-Sabil, J. (2017), &amp;ldquo;Serious games and the gamification of</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><mixed-citation>tourism&amp;rdquo;, Tourism Management, 60, pp. 244&amp;ndash;256, doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2016.11.020.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><mixed-citation>Yung, R. and Khoo-Lattimore, C. (2019), &amp;ldquo;New realities: A systematic literature review on virtual reality and augmented reality in tourism research&amp;rdquo;, Current Issues in Tourism, 22 (17), pp. 2056&amp;ndash;2081, doi:10.1080/13683500.2017.1417359.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>